Improved tuyere fob blast-fubnaoe



PATENTED AUG. v13, i867,

B. H. HIBLER. TWYER FOB BLAST FURNAGES.

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@uitstitstr getestv @Hirn BENJAMIN H. HIBLER, 0F MCKEESPORT, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF AND PITTSBURG AND MCKEESPORT 'CAR COMPANY.

IMPROVED TUYERE 'FOR BLASTfFUBNAGE.'

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'10 ALL WHOM I'I MAY CONCERN: v

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN H. HIBLER, of McKeesport, in the county of Allegheny, and State of- Penn- Sylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tuyeres; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a pant of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved tuyere.

Figure 2 is a vertical section of a furnace cupola showing the position of the tuyere;4 and Figure 3 is a longitudinal verticalsection of thetuyere.

Like letters of reference indicate similar parts in each; l

The nature of my improvement consists in the construction and arrangement in the cupola or iinre-spaoe of a'furnace, of animproved tuyere, wherebythe blast is discharged into the cupola at or near -its centre, or at somepointginside the inner face of the cupola wall or lining, and in providing such tuyere with proper apertures for the dissemination ofthe blast throughout the cupola or fire-space. i

To enable others skilled in the artt to make and use my invention, I will. proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation. 4 I

In smelting-furnaces of the ordinary construction, the blast pipe, either with or without some form of tuyere, discharges directly into the cupola, and its inner end s-u'sually flush with the inner face of the cupola Awallor lining. 'Two or more such blasts are commonlyint'roduced at different points in the cupola. Such mode of introducing the blast is objectionable for .the reasons that the air of the blast not being distributed through the cupola uniformly, does not produce a uniform heat throughout the cupola, nornct to the Vsame degree on every part of the molten metal, and consequently the metal produced is not of a perfectly homogeneous character. The'blast is, moreover, liable to become clogged by un accumulation of slag directly over or around the mouth of the blast pipe. To obvihte these and other difficulties, I have devised a tuyere through which to'discharge into the cupola the air from the blast pipe, and which consists of u pipe, a, connected by its open end, b, with the blast pipe, andA projecting forward into the cupola m to or toward its centre. The other end b I open directly into the irespace df th'e cupola, or, as shown in the drawings, I turn it upward in an elbow shape, and provide an aperture, c, of any`desirable size or shape on its-underside, opening downwards. VThe top or upper end of the elbowed part b' I usually make close, and give it a cap shape, with overhanging projections d, so that the apertures e, just below, shall be protected from slag, molten metal, tc. These aper tures e are of any desirable number, size, or arrangement,and in connection with the aperture citlxey allow of the free dissemination of the air of'. the .blast through all parts of the cupola, securing a more uniform heat, greater rapidity in the smelting process, and abetter and more homogeneous quality of metal. Also by the aperturevc I bring recurrentvof air i'n contact with the melted iron in the bottom of the cupola, waitingto be drawn off, and thereby continue the decarbonizing process, which the smelting to some extent necessarily involves. I thus not only prevent the melted iron from becoming. dead, but render it more lively, and

capable of beingcast' into smaller moulds, and into the small interstices andapertures oflarge moulds, so as to form smaller or more angularly-shuped articles of manufacture. The -apertures e, under 4the projecting edges of the cap d, provide for the dissemination ofthe air of the blast uniformly throughout that part of the cupola where the smelting process is being carried on, so as to secure more perfectly the advantages of a blast. To protect the tuyere described from the effects of the excessive heat to vwhich it is exposed, I usually cover it with a mortar of tire-clay, as shown atn, iig. 2, or such other material of a similar character as is a poor conductorof heat. That such mortar may adhere firmly tothe tuyere, I corrugate or roughen the outer surface of -the latter, or make on it projections, s s.

The tuyere shown in ther-drawings isof the'form which I nd bestadapted to the object in view, but I also 6nd that a simple pipe leading from the end of the blast pipe as ordinarilyA constructed, or a prolongation of the blast pipe into the cupola, to or toward its centre, and with an open head, or with one or more apertures in closed head, or in a pipe, or both, is a material improvement on the vpresent style of blasts, and I include such 4 ($7,651, 2 improvement in my invention. The tuyere described is made of cast iron,.or eucli other wellknoivn material 'its isadapted to such uses'.

What I caim as my invention, Aand desire to secure by Letterslatent, is

1. A tuyere consisting of a. pipe or the prolongation of' the blast pipe of' a. smelting-furna'cqwhen such tuyere extends .into the cupola beyond the inner face of its wall or lining, and to or tow-ard the vcentre of the' cupola, substantially in the mgmner and .for the purposes above set fort-lx.' ,c

2. A tuyere lmving an' elbowed head, with a. cap, d, projecting otwua'l'd, so as to cover the apertures e e, constructed and operating substantially is and for the purposes described.

3. One or more apertures, c, in the lower eide or face of' the tuycre or tuyere pipe ofthe cupola. oi' a smelbirig` furnace, so as to dischargea. portion of tlie ein ofthe blast against the inoltePnnetal in the .bottom of the cupola, substantially in the manner and fori the purposes above setf'rrtli.

In testimony whereof I, the said BENJAMINV H. HIBLER, have hereunto set my hand.

BENJ. H. HIBLER.

Witnesses G. H. CHRISTY, Gn B. CUSHING. 

